Diagnosis of pyelonephritis in children
In addition to history taking and physical examination, diagnosis of pyelonephritis in children often requires more complex tests than in adults due to nonspecific symptoms. The following tests are usually performed:
- Urinalysis is a preliminary screening for infection by looking at the white blood cells, red blood cells, and bacteria in the urine.
- Urine culture to confirm infection and identify the type of bacteria.
- Complete blood count (CBC), inflammation markers, and blood cultures if a bloodstream infection is suspected.
- An ultrasound to check for other abnormalities, such as an abscess or urinary tract obstruction.
- A voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) is often perform. When urinary reflux (VUR) or recurrent infection is suspected. It involves taking an X-ray or fluoroscopy of the bladder while it is full and while the child is urinating to look for urine movement and backflow.
- A DMSA scan is used to assess kidney function and detect damage or scarring (fibrosis) in the kidney tissue.
Treatment of pyelonephritis in children
When pyelonephritis is caused by หรือถ้าคุณสนใจแทงบอลออนไลน์ UFABET คือเว็บที่มีอัตราต่อรองดีที่สุดในประเทศไทย สมัครเลยตอนนี้ที่ UFABET แทงบอล infection. The main goal of treatment is to eliminate or kill the bacteria, prevent complications, and reduce the risk of recurrence. The doctor will consider choosing a treatment method that is appropriate for the severity of the disease. Generally, hospitalization is required, especially if the symptoms are severe, there is dehydration, or there is a suspicion of a bloodstream infection. The treatment methods are as follows:
- Antibiotics are given continuously for 10-14 days to eliminate bacteria. If symptoms are not severe, oral medication is used. However, if symptoms severe or the child is unable to take medication, intravenous drip (IV Drip) medication is required. After completing antibiotic treatment, the doctor will schedule a repeat urine test. In cases of repeated infections or if the child has urinary reflux (VUR), the doctor may consider giving continuous antibiotics for long-term prevention.
- Symptomatic treatment , such as fluids, pain relief and fever reduction.
In addition, surgery may be required to correct structural abnormalities of the kidney, such as ureteral obstruction.